Al-Biruni
362-442/973-1050
Abu’l-Rayhan Muhammad B. Ahmad Al-Biruni was the most original brilliant scholar of his
times, known as al-Ustadh, “The Master”. He was
distinguished in mathematics, astronomy, geography, history, chronology,
physical and natural sciences. His 180 writings range from brief treatises on a
specific subject to major works that encompass a wide field of knowledge.
Al-Biruni was born in an Iranian family in Kath, the
capital of Khwarizm, on the southern shores of the
Some of Al-Biruni’s works:
(390/ 1000), K. al-Athar
al-Bakiya `an al-Kurun al-Khaliya (The Chronology of Ancient Nations)
(421/1030), Description of
(420/ 1029), K. al-Tafhim li-Awa’il Sina`at al-Tandjim (abstract of geometry, arithmetic, astronomy and
astrology)
(421/1030), K.. al-Kanun al-Mas`udi
fi’l-Hay`a wa ’l-Nudjum (Canon Masudicus)
K. al-Djamihir fi
Ma`arifat al-Djawahir
(treatise on mineralogy)
K al-Saydala fi ‘l-Tibb
Risala fi
aFihrist kutub Muhammad b. Zakariyya al-Razi (wherein he includes the Fihrist of his own writings)